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' No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. F. BROWNE.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING} GAS.

No. 328,834. Patented Oct. 20', 1-885.

(No Model.) '6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. F. BROWNE.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING GAS. v N0- 34= Patented Oct. 20, 1885..

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w.- P. BROWNE. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING GAS.

(No Model.)

No. 328,834. Patented Oct. 20, 1885.

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W. I. BROWNE. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING us.

No. 328,834. Patented Out. 20, 1885.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5. W. P. BROWNE.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING GAS.

Patented 001;. 20, 1885.

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W. F. BROWNE. APPARATUS, FOR GENERATING GAS.

No. 328,834. Patented Oct. 20, 1885.

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TVILLTAM FRANK BROTVNE, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATlNG GAS.

QPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 328,83t, dated October 20, 1885. Application filed August 14, 1883. Renewed June 23, 1885. Serial No. 169,547. (No model.)

T 0 (ZZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM FRANK BnowNE, a resident of Jersey City, county of Hudson,and State ofNew Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Gas for Heating and Illuminating Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a clear and full description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings; which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improved apparatus for generating gas in the fire-box or furnaces of all classes for heating and illuminating purposes.

Figure 1 represents a vertical, longitudinal, central, and broken section of a locomotive and tender. Figs. 2 and 8 represent a vertical, longitudinal, and broken section of a locomotive, tender, and car. Fig. 4 represents a vertical, longitudinal, central, and broken section of a locomotive and tender. Fig. 5 represents a horizontal section of the fire-box of a locomotive and plan view of a tender. Fig. 6 represents a horizontal section of the firebox of a locomotive, showing the gasgrate and generating and heating coils.

Similar letters of reference designate corre sponding parts inall the figures.

The gas-generating coil 0 in the furnace of boiler A (shown in Figs. 1, 2, and i) is made from extra-strong pipe and with as few fittings and joints as possible. These coils below the flue-sheet in ordinary furnaces can be formed from one length of pipe or in a series of lengths welded together,and then bent at the corners, as shown in Fig. 6, and when extended above the flue'sheet the coil can be made up with return-bends or other analogous fittings. The coil will be kept in shape byheavy straps of iron and staples, as shown.

The connection with the induction end of the generator is effected by the coupling a and anipple,which projects through the thimole cl, where it is connected by a socket, nipple, and check-valve, e, with eduction-pipe c and pump 9. The thimble d projects through the waterleg o, and is provided with a cap, a, whereby a packed joint can be secured around the indu ctionpipe. (Shown in Figs. 1 and l.) 7

The eduotiou end of the gas generator, as

i the combustion takes place.

shown in Fig. 1, is connected by a right and left coupling, 1), and close nipple to an elbow, c, in the water-leg o, where it is connected to the induction end of a heating-coil, 0, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This coil in the water-leg surrounds the fire-box, and terminates at the lower flue in the boiler-cylinder; but it can extend by means of return-bends between the two shells to the top of the fire-box in a manner similar to what is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This heating-pipe can also extend to the other parts of the boiler. The upper end of this coil 0 is connected with pipe and check-valve 1) by elbow o. This pipe 70 connects with cross it, thence continues to T a, thence by flexible connections and union a, T j, nipples, elbow, and check-valve e and T j to the gas-holder D. Pipe 7c, valve 7, elbows, and nipples connect with the two T Tj andj. The run of T a is connected with the outlet of T by pipe g, which continues and connects T q and valve 5 with the run of T a. The outlet of this T a is connected with cross i by means of pipe 8, elbows nipples, equalizing-valve t, and valve 4:, while the pipes is, g, and s are connected by the continued pipe 8 and nipples s with the grate 0a m, into and from which gas is forced directly from the generator 0 or gasholder D. Pipe p and valve 6 are for draining the pipes and gasholder from whatever condensation may he therein.

The gas-grate'(shown in Fig. 1) is made of cast-iron and in two pieces, each of which being molded from one pattern,and when placed together a gas-chamber, b, is formed. The air forsupporting combustion is drawn th rough conical openings a, while the gas is forced through the openings formed around the conical tubes and unites with the air in the openings O, and discharges into the furnace, where No air can be drawn into the furnace with the exception of that which unites with the gas, and when this gas is forced into the furnace in a continuous and positive quantity, which can be done by means of the equalizing device '6 and in proper proportion with the draft of atmosphere, perfect combustion will be effected.

The air.-draft can be controlled by wellknown devices which will deliver positive quantities of atmosphere. Consequently by means of the two regulating devices for con- ICC trolling the gas and air the heat can be increased or diminished at will. Therefore, when this gas generating and heating device is applied to alocomotive the maximum, mean, and minimum force of the engines can be exerted, when required and with a corresponding increase and diminution of the expenditure of fuel for heat. Thus when the locomotive is ascending a heavy grade, requiring the maximum force of the engine to draw the train, the heat can be increased to correspond with the force required, and when descending the grade the heat can be reduced to a minimum, and again increased to the amount required when a level grade is reached. This mode of-increase and reduction of heat, as occasion requires, will be advantageous in nearly all classes of furnaces in use, while the drawing of fire from furnaces, as is now done where solid fuels are used, is entirely obviated.

When this invention is applied to a locomotive, the fuel, which consists of liquid hydrocarbon and water, is carried in separate holders or tanks in the tender. The watertank 0 should be of sufficient dimensions to carry the water both for fuel and for steaming purposes. Thetank 0, which holds the liquid hydrocarbon, should be made of strong plate-iron and securely fastened on the interior of the water-tank and where it will be surrounded by water, thus securing the hydrocarbon liquid against fire, and also decreasing the liability of danger in case of accidents.

Any solid carbonaceous material-such as coal or resinous matter-which can be powdered or made liquid, or any material, like peat,which can be made into an emulsion, can be pumped and forced into the generator, wherein a fixed gas will be formed and discharged into a gas-holder and fromthence into the furnace; or the gas can be discharged directly from the generator to the furnace, the heat from which will generate the gas for combustion and steam for motive power to draw the train of cars with.

I The hydrocarbon liquids are poured into the tank through funnel 3*, strainer 10, and pipe ,2, while the water-tank can be filled by removing plug 3". The hydrocarbon liquid is drawn through the lower pipe, a, into the gage'l, used for determining the amount of liquid in the tank, from thence down through pipe 0 and up to the pump 9, where it mingles with the water, which is drawn from the water-tank 0 through pipe ed, as it is drawn into the pump and forced therefrom through eduction and supply pipe 6 into the generator O,wherein the gas is generated, and discharged in a highlyheated condition into the heatingcoil 0 in the water-leg o, where a portion of the heat is absorbed and utilized in making steam. From this heating-coil o the gas is forced through pipe lc into the gas-holder D on'the tender E. This gas is prevented from returning by check-valve z. On opening valve 4 the gas will pass through equalizing-valve 15, pipe .9, and nipple 8 into the. grate 00m, from whence it will be forced into the furnace. If more heat is required at any time, as would be the casein ascending an upgrade, it will be necessary to generate and use more gas, which can be done by quickening the stroke of the pump,and forcing more hydrocarbon and water 'into the generating-coil, from whence an increased volume of gas is discharged, on opening controlling-valve 5, through pipe 76 q s and gas-grate into the furnace, wherein an increase of heat will be the result. As the equalizing-valve t is set for a normal amount of gas, and not being easily controlled, it is better to conduct the extra amount of gas through an other pipe, which is readily done on opening valve 5.

The gas which is discharged from the gen erator at the coupling 7) is too hot to pass through the equalizing-valve; therefore it is passed through the heating-coil for the purpose of absorbing some of the heat prior to its passage through the equalizing-valve, and also into the gas-holder; but a right and left T could be placed where the right and left coupling I) now is, as shown by T b in Fig. 2, and elbow b in Fig. 4, and connected to pipe 8 by a plug-cock and nipples, the plug-cock being worked by a lever from the cab, as shown in Fig. 4, through which the gas would be discharged directly from the coil into the gas-grate and furnace. The gas in the holder 'D is kept under pressure and can be used therefrom as required, which will be the case when a new fire is to be started, and which can be done by throwing some lighted material into the furnace; then turning Valve 7 on pipe thus allowing the gas in the holder to force through pipes 70', 70, q, and 8 into the grate and furnace, where its combustion will be effected.

The holder is designed to hold under pressure enough gas when burned in the furnace to heat the gas-generating coil sufficiently hot to make all of the subsequent gas for the furnace during the required time of use. As more gas will be made than is required for present combustion, the surplus can be forced into the holder, from whence it can be forced through connecting-pipes to other required places, as shown in Fig. 3, the gas being forced through pipe 64 and e into the small holderF, beneath a car, and from thence through equalizing-valve t, pipe 9, into the radiator h, and gas-burner 2'. Thus it will be seen that gas can be generated in the firebox of a locomotive for combustion in the said fire-box, and to heat and light the train with; and, furthermore, gas can be generated in like manner in any furnace which will perform, in propor-' tion to the furnace and the gas generated, an equal service.

The proportion of water and hydrocarbon liquids can be controlled byvalves h and i. The water-pipe ed extends to the injector we,

shown in Fig, 2, from whence the gas returns instance being through the equalizing-valve.

trolled in part by damper o in air-chamber B.

which receives its steam through pipe 000 or turning the valve 0?). Steam-pipe f conducts steam to the pump 9 on opening controllingvalve 2, while with valve 2 closed gas can be forced from pipeh, on opening valve 3, to the pump, the exhaust of which will be conducted through pipe 9 to the furnace.

The caps m are screwed onto the ends of upper pipe, 112., is for the admission of through poppet-valve Z into the tank 0 when the liquidis drawn therefrom. The condensed matter in the bottom of the gas-holder D will, on opening valve 8, be forced up through pipe to and discharged through pipez into the tank 0 The gas generated in coil 0 (shown in Fig. 2) can be either discharged into the heatingeoil 0 at the elbow-fitting c", as shown in Fig. 1, or from the T-fitting b, on opening valve 5, through pipe q, into the gas-holder D, as

through pipe It, equalizing-valve 25, pipe 8, and grate 00m, into the furnace.

Hydrocarbon liquid and water are drawn legit pipe g through pipes c andf, and forced through pipe 6 into the gasgenerating coil. l The proportion of hydrocarbon liquids andr water is regulated by eontrollingvalves 9 and 10. Gas for working the pump is forced through pipe h on opening valve 3, or steam can be used on opening-valve 022 on pipe 000. The exhaust is through pipe 9.

' When gas is discharged from the coil 0 through pipe g, cheek-valve iwill be closed by back-pressure, while the gas makes its es cape through valve z into the holder; and also cheek-valve z prevents a return of the gas through pipe k. On closing valve 5 the gas will be forced through the heating-coil 0 through check 1" and z and pipe 7c into the holder, the return to the furnace in each A fixed gas can be stored in the holder for subsequent use, as above described.

The pump 9 can be worked by steam on opening valve 2. Onbpening valve 13 steam will be forced into dome G, where it will mix with the carbons and be forced through the lower section of the generator, and finally discharged into the furnace and burned.

The hydrocarbons'fand water for the pump are drawn through pipes c and 00d, and forced through pipe 0' into the generator. The air can be controlled by damper v on air-chamber 13.

The top plan of the grate mm, shown in Fig. l, is seen in Fig. 6. This gas-grate covers the area of the furnace, and with an even pressure of gas in the chamber 6 (shown in Fig. l) and of the air in the air-chamber, a uniform combustion of the gas over the entire area of the gas-grate must be the result.

The coil 0 rests upon the grate. The discharge end of the coil is connected by right and left coupling b and a short nipple to elbow e and heatingcoil 0 in the waterleg o.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In an apparatus for generating gas for heating and illuminating purposes, the combination of the generatingcoils, the supply pipes connected therewith, and a coil for cooling the gas and heating water located .in a steanrboiler.

2. The gas-generating coils and the gas-cool ing coils, located in the boiler, in combination with the outlet-pipe, and equalizing-valve t, and a furnace in which the gas is burned.

3. The gas-generating coils, the cooling-coils, and equalizingvalve t, in combination with the controlling-valve 5 and a furnace in which the gas is burned.

4. The gasgenerator, in combination with the eduction-pipe connecting it with the holder, and provided with check-valve z, and the by-pass pipe K, having valve 7, and a pipe The air for supporting combustion can be conconnecting with the burner.

The gas generated in coil 0(shown in Figs." 4 and 5) is discharged into dome G, the connection being made between the coil and dome by the coupling 0 and nipple r, from whence it is discharged through nipple 3 into the lower section of the generator, thence through elbow b, open valve 6, and pipe it, into the gas-holder'D or, with valve 6 closed and valve 5 open, the gas will be forced through pipe 5 into and through gas-grate mm, from whence it is discharged into the furnace.

The object of dome G (shown in Fig. 4.) is to furnish a motive power for the pump, which is forced through pipe f, and which can be taken from the coil in the form of a gaseous vapor, which will not injure the pump, as would be the ease with the highly-heated gas discharged from the lower end of the coil.

5. The oil tank, in combination with the surrounding gas-holder and the blow-oif pipe 10, having a controlling-valve extendingfrom near the bottom ofthe gas-holder to the fillingpipe of the oil-tank, as and for the purpose described.

6. The combination of the gas-generator, located in the fire-box of the locomotive, the holder located on the tender, the supply-pipe provided with an equalizing valve or valves extending the length of the car or train of cars to be lighted, and the service pipe and burners.

\VILLIAM FRANK BROWNE.

\Vitnesses:

C. S. DRURY, WM. OBRIEN.

IIO 

